2002, Sanna, Ellyn. His appearance and personality was 20 Issue 2, p131, 7p, Berdan, Frances. After his arrival on Hispaniola in 1504 and subsequent participation in the conquest of the island of Cuba, Cortés made a name for himself as a bold and enterprising leader. The contention that Montezuma thought that Cortez was the god Quetzalcoatl is based upon the writings of Franciscan Bernardino de Sahagun, who was present with Cortez in 1519, and a document, the Florentine Codex, that was written more than 50 years after the fact. Mexico: Facts & Figures; 2003, p16-21, 6p. With getting more gold his motive, Cortés marched to the Aztec capital. If Montezuma thought of Hernan Cortes as Quetzalcoatl then he would have treated him with an exceptional amount of respect and fear. In the summer of 1521, the Aztec capital city of Tenochtitlan fell to the Spanish. He approximately doubled the land owned by the Aztecs and his governor was Monteuzuma II. After a three-month siege, Spanish forces under Hernán Cortés capture Tenochtitlán, the capital of the Aztec empire. Cortes did not speak Nahuatl, so he culd not speak directly to Motecuhzoma/Montezuma. Then, Montezuma would not have given him any gold. Cortés actually has Moctezuma insist to his Spanish audience that he himself is nota god, and does not pose untold wealth: “I know that [my enemies] have told you the walls of my houses are made of gold, and that the floor mats in my rooms … are likewise of gold, and that I … Cortés moved up the social and governmental ranks during his time on the islands. Inca Mythology: The Realms of Hanan Pacha, Kay Pacha & Uku Pacha, Inca Cloth: Weaving Grades of Ancient Peruvian Textiles, Almazan, Marco A. Quetzalcoatl sailed away into the Atlantic on a raft made of snakes with a promise to return on his year, the First Year of the Reed (this occurs once every 52 years). “The History of Mexico”. The story is that the last emperor Motecuhzoma (sometimes spelled Montezuma or Moctezuma) mistook Cortés for the returning god, based on the supposed resemblance between the Spanish conquistador and the god. They mistook took him for being part of the Spanish army and he was hit in the head by a rock. emperor, Moctezuma II, believed Cortés to be a god. 3) They thought the Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés was the god Quetzalcóatl A little more than 500 years ago, a meeting occurred between two men that forever altered the course of history. There are different accounts of what the Aztecs thought of the Spanish when they first arrived and these differences would greatly effect Montezuma and Cortes' relationship. These two interpretations of the god Quetzalcoatl, along with Cortés’ march into Tenochtitlan on the First Year of the Reed, have led to the accepted assumption that the invading Spaniards were mistaken by the Aztecs as either being representatives or incarnations of Quetzalcoatl. Cortés had just returned from defeating a rival Spanish force at Veracruz sent by the envious governor of Cuba. Reader’s Companion to Military History. Mexica Accounts of Moctezuma Meeting Cortes From Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex , Book 12, Chapter 16 (Mexica) Here it is recalled how Moctezuma went in peace and calm to meet the Spaniards at Xoloco, where the house of Alvarado now stands, or at the place they call Huitzillan. Montezuma was then held hostage by Cortes because of his greed for more gold but Montezuma had outlived his usefulness. Thinking that the god had returned, Moctezuma sent Cortés gifts, including gold. As it goes, Moctezuma mistook the Spanish invaders for gods, thereby setting the stage for the conquest of the Aztec Empire. If Montezuma II and the Aztecs knew that Hernan Cortes was also a human and not a god then the Aztecs would not show as much respect to Cortes men. “Cortés, Hernán”. According to Restall’s latest work, When Montezuma Met Cortez, a great deal of the widely-accepted version of events bears revisiting with greater scrutiny. Cortés men leveled the city and captured Cuauhtemoc, the Aztec emperor. Hernan Cortes and his Journey to Tenochtitlan, Montezuma II and the relationship between him and Cortes. The Mexican Earth. The Spaniards and their allies flee Tenochtitlan on … The emperor before Montezuma II was a man named Ahuitzotl. An unnerving series of coincidences led Montezuma to believe that perhaps Cortés was the Aztec god Quetzalcoatl, who had promised to return one day to reclaim his kingdom. 2005, p30, “Quetzalcoatl”. In 1519, as conquistador Hernan Cortes was making his way inland from the coast on his audacious conquest of the Mexica (Aztec) Empire, he had to pass through the lands of the fiercely independent Tlaxcalans, who were the mortal enemies of the Mexica. 8 November 1519, Cortés faces Montezuma. With getting more gold his motive, Cortés marched to the Aztec capital. The Aztecs mistook Cortes as Quetzalcoatl because of his pale skin, long beard and height. It was understood that Moctezuma (also known as Montezuma II), at heart a coward, trembled in his sandals and quickly despaired of victory. Cortés was born in 1485 in Medellín, Spain. Cortés landed at Cozumel in the Yucatan peninsula in the early spring of 1519. Whether or not the Quetzalcoatl prophecy was instrumental in helping Cortés conquer Mexico may never be known for certain. He was the only son of noble, though not wealthy, parents. According to some, the emperor believed that Cortez was the god Quetzalcoatl, whom the Aztecs believed would one day return to rule over Mexica. The fact that Diego Velazquez had sent 900 men from Cuba to capture Cortes implies that there were internal divisions among the Spanish forces in the Americas While Cortés went down to the coast to subdue the soldiers sent by Diego Velazquez, Cortes' lieutenant Pedro de Alvarado, and the Spaniards Journal of American Culture; Summer97, Vol. Less than 30 years after Christopher Columbus landed on the Western Hemisphere and claimed it for Spain, another Spanish explorer, Hernán Cortés sailed across the Atlantic towards the New World in search for wealth and status. Had it not been for certain facilitating factors, however, Mexican history might have very well been a different one all together. Subtleties in, and an imperfect scholarly understanding of, high Nahuatl rhetorical style make the exact intent of these comments tricky to ascertain, but Restall argues that Moctezuma politely offering his throne to Cortes (if indeed he did ever give the speech as reported) may well have been meant as the exact opposite of what it was taken to mean: politeness in Aztec culture was a way to assert … emperor, Moctezuma II, believed Cortés to be a god. Montezuma II is also called Mo. Another name for Quetzalcoatl was the White Tezcatlipoca – making him the yin equivalent to Tezcatlipoca (also known as the Black Tezcatlipoca). Columbus had set sail hoping to … The Aztecs turned on their leader and Montezuma was hit by a stone and died. Aside from being depicted as the feathered serpent, Quetzalcoatl was often characterized as the god of wind, Ehécatl, who was shown as a bearded man.

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